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磷(Phosphorus)是***元素,降低鋼的塑性和韌性,出現(xiàn)冷脆性,能使鋼的強(qiáng)度顯著提高,同時(shí)提高大氣腐蝕穩(wěn)定性,含量應(yīng)該限制在0.05%以下。等溫退火工藝圖,如圖所示:4、均勻化退火(擴(kuò)散退火)將鑄件加熱到略低于1100-1200℃的固相線溫度(一般低于100℃)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保溫,然后緩冷的熱處理工藝。硫(Sulfur)通常硫是***元素,使鋼熱脆性大,含量限制在0.05%以下。但是易切削鋼的硫含量高,可達(dá)0.08%~0.40%。鋼指含碳量小于2%的鐵碳合金。根據(jù)成分不同,又可分為碳素鋼和合金鋼。根據(jù)性能和用途不同,又可分為結(jié)構(gòu)鋼、工具鋼和特殊性能鋼。
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